swift url编码问题（CharacterSet使用）

May 25, 2020

/// Returns a new string created by replacing all characters in the string
/// not in the specified set with percent encoded characters.
public func addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters allowedCharacters: CharacterSet) -> String?

例如urlString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryAllowed)!

CharacterSet

CharacterSet略为复杂

提供一些现成的class var变量:

//Returns the character set for characters allowed in a query URL component.
class var urlQueryAllowed

//Returns the character set for characters allowed in a fragment URL component.
class var urlFragmentAllowed: CharacterSet

//Returns the character set for characters allowed in a host URL subcomponent.
class var urlHostAllowed: CharacterSet

//Returns the character set for characters allowed in a password URL subcomponent.
class var urlPasswordAllowed: CharacterSet

//Returns the character set for characters allowed in a path URL component.
class var urlPathAllowed: CharacterSet

//Returns the character set for character
class var urlUserAllowed: CharacterSet

urlQueryAllowed: url的query component指的是’?‘后面的参数,例如: http://www.example.com/index.php?key1=value1#jump这里指的就是key1=value1
urlFragmentAllowed: 指的是#后面的。例如http://www.example.com/index.html#jumpLocation指的是jumpLocation.
urlHostAllowed:URL的宿主组件通常是紧接在前两个斜杠之后的组件。如果URL包含用户名和密码，则主机组件是@符号后面的组件。例如，在URL http：// username：password@www.example.com/index.html中，主机组件是www.example.com。
urlUserAllowed
urlPasswordAllowed
urlPathAllowed: 例如http://www.example.com/index.php?key1=value1中的/index.php